分享微信微博APP

为什么关于移民大篷车和邮件炸弹的虚假叙述不会在社交媒体上消失

来源: 作者:admin 2018-10-26 17:10:55

  墨西哥的移民大篷车以及本周发生的主要政治人物邮件爆炸事件引发了社交媒体上虚假和误导性报道的肆虐,测试了硅谷在2018年中期选举之前打击虚假信息所付出的代价。

  尽管在2016年总统大选期间问题出现两年后,雇佣了数千名员工并投资于致力于消除虚假信息的团队,但该国最具影响力的科技公司仍在努力应对。

  Facebook,Twitter和Instagram拒绝了删除一些病毒阴谋论和极端主义内容的要求 - 这既反映了任务的严重性,也反映了他们不应该充当真理仲裁者的信念。

  订阅帖子最新时事通讯:今日华盛顿邮报上最受欢迎的故事

  针对前总统巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)和其他批评特朗普总统的其他人的管道炸弹袭击事件几乎立即被广泛分享的Facebook和Twitter帖子描述为民主党设计的阴谋破坏了保守派的原因。总统前国家安全顾问的儿子迈克尔·弗林(Michael Flynn Jr.)在给他的大约98,000名追随者的推文中说,这些炸弹构成了“政治噱头”。

  声称这些炸弹是针对其中一个炸弹目标的骗局和辱骂,自由慈善家乔治索罗斯也在Facebook拥有的照片共享巨头Instagram上广泛宣传。社交媒体研究员乔纳森·奥尔布赖特说,Instagram的帖子放大了阴谋理论和“一些最糟糕的仇恨言论,希拉里克林顿的模因以及迄今为止我见过的暴力反犹太主义信息”。

  大篷车是美国边境酝酿移民危机的有力象征,被一些着名的保守派人士描绘成为入侵动员的暴力部落,包括分享虚假标记的图像,显​​示一名血腥的墨西哥警察实际上被带到其他地方在2012年在该国。

  这张图片于周日早些时候发布,在Facebook和推特上传播,包括通过最高法院大法官克拉伦斯托马斯的妻子保守派活动家Ginni Thomas的帖子。

  根据研究人员的说法,这些恶作剧被称为回应克里姆林宫宣传的帐户放大了。据研究人员称,恶作剧是他们自2016年大选后反复探讨有争议话题的一种操纵形式。但研究人员表示,大篷车和爆炸事件的最大谣言来源来自国内。

  本周错误信息的持续传播表明,即使是与潜在的现实世界暴力有关的最具煽动性的观点,这些网站仍在继续动摇。

  “这是一个社交媒体公司有责任不放大明显错误的宣传的例子,”代表硅谷一部分的民主党议员,代表Ro Khanna在一份声明中说。“报纸或电视台永远不会声称管道炸弹是伪造的,他们不会在一天中的时间提供这种观点。同样,社交媒体公司需要进行基本的第三方验证,因此他们不允许转发或分享虚假声明。“

  

Slide 1 of 41:强制性信用:摄影:PETER FOLEY / EPA-EFE / REX / Shutterstock(9945057b)纽约市警方调查美国纽约州哥伦布圆环时代华纳中心内的可疑包裹,10月25日2018.大约一个小时后,警察全力以赴,认为事件是“误报”。 这一事件发生在一个加剧的安全环境中,因为几个简易爆炸物被邮寄给几位着名的政治人物,包括前美国总统巴拉克奥巴马和慈善家乔治索罗斯。 在美国纽约时代华纳中心发现的可疑包裹 -  2018年10月25日
Slide 2 of 41: Crowds gather outside after being evacuated from the Time Warner Center in Columbus Circle, in the Manhattan borough of New York, U.S., October 25, 2018.  REUTERS/Christine Chan
Slide 3 of 41: NEW YORK, NY - OCTOBER 25:  A monitor displays information about suspicious packages as NYPD Chief of Department Terence Monahan (C) and New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio (R) look on during a press conference regarding the recent package bombings, at NYPD headquarters, October 25, 2018 in New York City. (Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
Slide 4 of 41: Postal service police screen employees entering the Royal Palm processing and Distribution Center, Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018 in Opa-locka, Fla.  A law enforcement source tells The Associated Press that Miami-Dade police have gone to the mail-sorting facility in Opa-Locka, Florida, at the request of the FBI in connection with the suspicious package investigation. The source says it was a precautionary measure.(AP Photo/Josh Replogle)
Slide 5 of 41: People gather on a loading dock at a postal facility, Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018, in Opa-Locka, Fla. Investigators searched coast-to-coast Thursday for the culprit and motives behind the bizarre mail-bomb plot aimed at critics of the president. (AP Photo/Wilfredo Lee)
Slide 6 of 41: Mandatory Credit: Photo by Alex Gitman/REX/Shutterstock (9945079g) Police respond to a suspicious package at the building that houses the state office of Senator Dianne Feinstein in Los Angeles Suspicious package found at building that houses Senator Dianne Feinstein
Slide 7 of 41: Members of the Port Authority Emergency Services Unit stand watch outside the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018, in New York. A series of pipe bombs sent to prominent Democrats including Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton has deepened political tensions and fears two weeks before national midterm elections. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)
Slide 8 of 41: NEW YORK, NY - OCTOBER 25: New York City Police vehicles sit parked outside the office of the The New York Times, October 25, 2018 in New York City. Security is being ramped up in New York City after explosive devices were sent to top Democratic politicians and to CNN headquarters. (Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images)
Slide 9 of 41: A New York state police car is staged at the Hugh Carey Tunnel, Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018, in New York. Gov. Andrew Cuomo has increased security at vital infrastructure locations following the delivery of a series of pipe bombs to New Yorkers. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)
Slide 10 of 41: A package containing a
Slide 11 of 41: Police tape cordons off a post office in Wilmington, Del., Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018.  A law enforcement official said suspicious packages addressed to former Vice President Joe Biden  were intercepted at Delaware mail facilities in New Castle and Wilmington and were similar to crude pipe bombs sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton and CNN. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke)
Slide 12 of 41: Law enforcement personnel monitor activity outside a post office which had been evacuated in New Castle, Delaware, U.S. October 25, 2018.  REUTERS/Mark Makela - RC1A54A2F2B0
Slide 13 of 41: Mandatory Credit: Photo by MICHAEL REYNOLDS/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock (9944527c) White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders speaks to members of the news media on the packages containing potential explosive devices sent to prominent Democrats, CNN and a liberal billionaire that were intercepted 24 October at the White House in Washington, DC, USA, 25 October 2018. White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders press conference, Washington, USA - 25 Oct 2018
Slide 14 of 41: Port Authority police watch passing traffic near the entrance to the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, N.J., Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has said he will increase security at critical spots in the wake of suspicious packages sent primarily to prominent Democrats. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig)
Slide 15 of 41: Port Authority police pull over drivers as they make their way toward the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, N.J., Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo has said he will increase security at critical spots in the wake of suspicious packages sent primarily to prominent Democrats. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig)
Slide 16 of 41: A member of the New York National Guard, center, watches as commuters walk through the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018, in New York. A series of pipe bombs sent to prominent Democrats including Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton has deepened political tensions and fears two weeks before national midterm elections. (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan)
Slide 17 of 41: NEW YORK, NY - OCTOBER 25: People look out a door in the building complex that houses Robert De Niro
Slide 18 of 41: NEW YORK, NY - OCTOBER 25: Police gather near the scene of where another package bomb was found early Thursday morning at Robert De Niro
Slide 19 of 41: A police officer blocks off an area responding to reports of a suspicious package in the Tribeca neighborhood in New York on Thursday, Oct. 25, 2018. (AP Photo/Ron DePasquale)
Slide 20 of 41: NEW YORK, USA - OCTOBER 24: Police officers take security measures in front of the Time Warner Building where a suspected explosive device was found in the building after it was delivered to CNN
Slide 21 of 41: New York City Police Commissioner James O
Slide 22 of 41: The Broward Sheriff
Slide 23 of 41: Police stand guard outside of the Time Warner Center after an explosive device was found this morning on October 24, 2018 in New York City.
Slide 24 of 41: Police and other emergency workers gather outside of the Time Warner Center after an explosive device was found there this morning on October 24, 2018 in New York City.
Slide 25 of 41: A member of the Broward County Sheriff
Slide 26 of 41: Members of the media stand at a police line at the Time Warner Center after an explosive device was found there this morning on October 24, 2018 in New York City.
Slide 27 of 41: NYPD Deputy Commissioner of Intelligence & Counterterrorism John Miller, center, arrives outside Time Warner Center on Wednesday, Oct. 24, 2018, in New York.
Slide 28 of 41: The Broward Sheriff
Slide 29 of 41: Mandatory Credit: Photo by JUSTIN LANE/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock (9943595d) Microphones are set up in front of a NYPD Bomb Squad truck before a press conference with New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, New York Mayor Bill de Blasio New York Police Commissioner James P. O
Slide 30 of 41: People walk outside CNN Center, Wednesday, Oct. 24, 2018, in Atlanta. CNN is now screening all people who enter after a suspicious package was delivered to CNN in New York. NYPD
Slide 31 of 41: President Donald Trump speaks about the apparent pipe bombs sent in packages addressed to Democratic political figures in New York, Washington and Florida during an event in the East Room of the White House on administration efforts to
Slide 32 of 41: A New York Bomb Squad unit exits the Time Warner Building on October 24, 2018 where a suspected explosive device was found in the building after it was delivered to CNN
Slide 33 of 41: Mandatory Credit: Photo by Erik Pendzich/REX/Shutterstock (9943440z) People and the media gather outside the Time Warner building following a bomb threat. Suspicious package sent to Time Warner building, New York, USA - 24 Oct 2018
Slide 34 of 41: NEW YORK, NY - OCTOBER 24:  A Police bomb sniffing dog is deployed outside of the Time Warner Center after an explosive device was found this morning on October 24, 2018 in New York City. CNN
Slide 35 of 41: SUNRISE, FL - OCTOBER 24:  The Broward Sheriff
Slide 36 of 41: Mandatory Credit: Photo by JUSTIN LANE/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock (9943417b) Police stand guard in a closed street after a bomb alert at the Time Warner offices in New York, New York, USA, 24 October 2018. According to news reports, New York police were called to a suspicious package sent to the Time Warner building in which CNN is located. Suspicious package sent to Time Warner building, New York, USA - 24 Oct 2018
Slide 37 of 41: People stand outside the Time Warner Center in the Manahattan borough of New York City after a suspicious package was found inside the CNN Headquarters in New York, U.S., October 24, 2018. REUTERS/Kevin Coombs - RC1A6568DF00
Slide 38 of 41: A member of the New York Police Department bomb squad is pictured outside the Time Warner Center in the Manahattan borough of New York City after a suspicious package was found inside the CNN Headquarters in New York, U.S., October 24, 2018. REUTERS/Kevin Coombs - RC1D31FE7120
Slide 39 of 41: An officer with the Uniform Division of the United States Secret Service sits in his car at a checkpoint near the home of President Barack Obama, Wednesday, Oct. 24, 2018, in Washington. The U.S. Secret Service says agents have intercepted packages containing
Slide 41 of 41:一辆警车停在2018年10月24日星期三,纽约州Chappaqua的希拉里和比尔克林顿拥有的房产前。一位美国官员说克林顿郊区发现了一个“功能爆炸装置”纽约的家。 (美联社照片/ Seth Wenig)
Slide 41 of 41:邮箱位于2018年10月23日星期二纽约州纽约市Katonah慈善家乔治索罗斯所拥有的房子的入口外面。在大院外面找到的装置“有组件”一名执法官员周二表示,炸弹包括爆炸性粉末。 (美联社照片/ Seth Wenig)
Slide 1 of 41:强制性信用:摄影:PETER FOLEY / EPA-EFE / REX / Shutterstock(9945057b)纽约市警方调查美国纽约州哥伦布圆环时代华纳中心内的可疑包裹,10月25日2018.大约一个小时后,警察全力以赴,认为事件是“误报”。这一事件发生在一个加剧的安全环境中,因为几个简易爆炸物被邮寄给几位着名的政治人物,包括前美国总统巴拉克奥巴马和慈善家乔治索罗斯。在美国纽约时代华纳中心发现的可疑包裹 - 2018年10月25日

 

  下一张幻灯片全屏

  1/41幻灯片 ©PETER FOLEY / EPA-EFE / REX / Shutterstock

  据报道,爆炸装置被送往克林顿夫妇,奥巴马以及其他一些自由派和媒体人士后,正在进行调查。

  (图)纽约市警方于10月25日在纽约哥伦布圆环时代华纳中心调查可疑包裹。大约一小时后,警方全力清理,认为事件是“误报”。

  幻灯片通过照片服务

  大量的错误信息激怒了监管机构,监管机构一直保持警惕,其他虚假用户 - 包括俄罗斯政府的代理人 - 在网上引发了他们自己的分歧信息引发社会和政治动荡。为此,立法者特别警惕这些恶作剧和阴谋论在2018年中期选举不到两周之后引起共鸣,并可能加剧。

  科技行业一直在努力平衡打击错误信息的呼声与保护言论自由的担忧,特别是在保守派抨击硅谷的假设的自由主义偏见的时候。

  “一方面,他们处于可以考虑保护公众利益的地位。而另一方面,他们不想勾选大量选区,“Dipayan Ghosh说,他是Facebook和奥巴马白宫的前政策顾问,现在是Shorenstein媒体,政治和公共政策中心的研究员。 。领先的社交媒体平台“做任何事情都犹豫不决,因为他们害怕,他们非常害怕他们可能从这个国家的保守派那里得到的反对。”

  “我们采取了行动,”Facebook周四在一份声明中表示。“我们通过事实检查员降低了被评为虚假的故事,例如关于移民和管道炸弹的警察暴行的内容,我们正在删除违反我们政策的内容,例如仇恨言论或对爆炸企图的支持。”

  属于Facebook的Instagram没有回复评论请求。

  Twitter表示,它依赖真实的推文来纠正和消除其平台上的虚假信息,除非消息违反其规则,例如威胁暴力。Twitter发言人表示,“故意试图扰乱公众对话的账户,包括反复共享相同内容或尝试游戏热门话题,将根据我们的政策面临执法行动。”

  公司比以往更积极地采取措施,以协调,欺骗和“不真实”的方式关闭账户,同时还大幅加强对虚假信息的监控。例如,Facebook在其位于加利福尼亚州门洛帕克的校园内创建了一个广为宣传的“战争室”,以强调其加强的努力。它还在开发可以标记虚假内容或虚假账户的人工智能,但这种技术的广泛部署还需要几年时间。

  但是,这些公司仍然难以处理美国人使用社交媒体传播其政治观点的情况,即使它们以耸人听闻的方式呈现,可能包括误导性信息。声称佛罗里达州帕克兰市一所学校的幸存者是“危机演员”,他们为支持枪支控制而获得报酬,在社交媒体上传播,包括攀登YouTube“趋势”榜单的顶端。

  虽然管理多个帐户,使用假人物角色或使用自动化可能会使用户被某些平台暂停,但发现可证明的谎言通常不会。更常见的是,如果检测或报告错误信息,平台将限制错误信息的传播,而不是删除信息。

  跟踪在线虚假信息的安全公司New Knowledge的首席执行官乔纳森•摩根表示,社交媒体公司最近在处理州情报机构和恐怖组织的专业活动方面取得了一些成功。但他们在处理国内阴谋理论和极端主义言论方面几乎没有取得任何进展或兴趣,这些理论经常出现在重大新闻事件之后。

  “他们不认为这是他们的责任,即使他们这样做了。。。警察说这太难了,“摩根说。

  周四,Twitter等网站的内容充斥着内容,暗示管道炸弹已被邮寄为“假旗”攻击的一部分,以使民主党受益。Memes通过股票和喜欢在Facebook上传播。一位受欢迎的右倾Twitter用户Candace Owens质疑炸弹交付的时间。“Caravans,假炸弹威胁 - 这些左翼分子正在全力以赴,”她在一条超过8,700次的推文中说道。截至周四下午,该推文已被删除。

  Twitter没有暂停许多共享此类消息的帐户或限制其内容的覆盖范围,称他们没有违反平台的规则。

  以推动俄罗斯宣传而闻名的Twitter账户似乎普遍推广了一些阴谋理论。在周三和周四,与克里姆林宫的观点一致的账户 - 由汉密尔顿68(德国马歇尔基金会监控社交媒体以进行俄罗斯操纵)的项目跟踪 - 经常推销标签,包括“假冒炸弹门”,“假冒炸弹”和“炸弹”。

  该组织安全民主联盟的社交媒体分析师布雷特·谢弗(Bret Schafer)表示,这些账户通常会“跳上现有的潮流”,以帮助提升热门政治问题的影响力。

  关于移民大篷车的社交媒体帖子特别充斥着错误的信息。该网络分析公司Graphika研究了频繁发布关于马帮发现的虚假和误导性的信息和图片,包括警察挂彩了高水平的14000个Twitter账户。它还发现,22%的海报显示出机器人的迹象,这个术语描述了使用自动化软件并且人为控制最少的账户,表明对大篷车叙述的异常高级操纵。

  Graphika的研究和分析总监CamilleFrançois说:“这是一个非常奇妙的楔形问题,非常接近中期,非常容易操作。”

  

Slide 83 of 83:2018年10月25日星期四,带着大篷车前往美国的中美洲移民前往墨西哥的Pijijiapan。希望前往美国的庞大移民大篷车再次出发,形成一个超过一英里长的柱子,这群人在黎明前从墨西哥南部的Mapastepec镇出发。
幻灯片2中的第83页:洪都拉斯移民前往美国大篷车,于2018年10月25日前往墨西哥Pijijiapan Chiapas州的Mapastepec卡车上旅行。 - 成千上万的中美洲移民穿越墨西哥前往美国一辆大篷车已经恢复了长途跋涉,步行约12小时到达下一个目的地。
Slide 3 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a US-bound caravan travel from Mapastepec to Pijijiapan Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 25, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 4 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, walk near Mapastepec, southern Mexico on October 25, 2018. - Thousands of Central American migrants crossing Mexico toward the United States in a caravan have resumed their long trek, walking about 12 hours to their next destination.
Slide 5 of 83: Aerial view of Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, walking and travelling aboard a truck near Mapastepec, southern Mexico on October 25, 2018. - Thousands of Central American migrants crossing Mexico toward the United States in a caravan have resumed their long trek, walking about 12 hours to their next destination.
Slide 6 of 83: A Honduran migrant child, taking part in a caravan heading to the US, plays in the rain, in Mapastepec, Chiapas state, Mexico on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 7 of 83: Families rest roadside while traveling with a caravan of thousands of migrants from Central America en route to the United States as make their way to Mapastepec from Huixtla, Mexico at dawn October 24, 2018.
Slide 8 of 83: A migrant woman rests roadside with her child while traveling with a caravan of thousands from Central America en route to the United States as they make their way to Mapastepec from Huixtla, Mexico October 24, 2018.
Slide 9 of 83: Honduran migrants aboard a truck take part in a caravan heading to the US, in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 10 of 83: Issac, a four year old boy from Honduras, rests on the road while traveling with a caravan of thousands of migrants from Central America en route to the United States as make their way to Mapastepec from Huixtla, Mexico at dawn October 24, 2018. REUTERS/Adrees Latif - RC1AD5680190
Slide 11 of 83: Honduran migrants, taking part in a caravan heading to the US, walk the streets during a stop in Mapastepec, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 12 of 83: Honduran migrants, taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest during a stop in Mapastepec, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 13 of 83: A Honduran migrant taking part in a caravan heading to the US, takes a bath in the Mapastepec river, in Mapastepec, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 14 of 83: Honduran migrants walking and aboard trucks head in a caravan to the US, in Huixtla on their way to Mapastepec Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 15 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US aboard a truck, receive food donations in Acacoyagua, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 16 of 83: Volunteers with food donations await for Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US in Acacoyagua, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 17 of 83: A Honduran baby heading with his family in a migrant caravan to the US, is attended on an ambulance due to severe dehydration, in Escuintla on their way to Mapastepec, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 24, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States, a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 18 of 83: Honduran migrants, part of a second wave of migrants heading to the U.S., hold Honduran flags as they continue their journey to the Mexican border with other Central American migrants, in Chiquimula, Guatemala October 23, 2018. REUTERS/Luis Echeverria
Slide 19 of 83: Guatemalan security forces keep watch at the Agua Caliente border with Honduras as part of Guatemala
Slide 20 of 83: Honduran migrant woman taking part in a caravan heading to the US, is pictured with her dog during a stop in their journey, in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 21 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest at a makeshift camp during a stop in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 22 of 83: MEXICO CITY, MEXICO - OCTOBER 23: A man holds a mask of Donald Trump  during the Mexicans meet outside the United States Embassy to plan a welcoming and gather donations for the migrant caravan coming from Honduras on October 23, 2018 in Mexico City, Mexico. A caravan of thousands of migrants, most from Honduras, are walking into Mexico with hope of making it to the United States. (Photo by Carlos Tischler/Getty Images)
Slide 23 of 83: A Honduran migrant taking part in a caravan heading to the US, checks a Mexican map during a stop in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 24 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest at a makeshift camp during a stop in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 25 of 83: Honduran climb on a truck as they travel with other Central American migrants, part of a second wave of migrants heading to the U.S., toward the Mexican border, in Chiquimula, Guatemala October 23, 2018. REUTERS/Luis Echeverria - RC1E2FE48DF0
Slide 26 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest at a makeshift camp during a stop in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 27 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest during a stop in their journey, in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Forced by the violence and poverty of their country, desperate parents have exposed hundreds of babies and children to travel in a migrant caravan crossing Mexico to the United States, showing the cruelest face of this
Slide 28 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest at a makeshift camp during a stop in their journey, in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 29 of 83: Honduran migrant, Luis Lopez, taking part in a caravan heading to the US, walks with his dog during a stop in their journey, in Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 23, 2018. - Thousands of mainly Honduran migrants heading to the United States -- a caravan President Donald Trump has called an
Slide 30 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a new caravan heading to the US, arrive to Chiquimula, Guatemala, on October 22, 2018. - US President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO ESTRADA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO ESTRADA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 31 of 83: TOPSHOT - Honduran migrants taking part in a new caravan heading to the US, arrive to Chiquimula, Guatemala, on October 22, 2018. - US President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO ESTRADA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO ESTRADA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 32 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, rest on their arrival to Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by Johan ORDONEZ / AFP)        (Photo credit should read JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 33 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a new caravan heading to the US, talk with Guatemalan police officers on their arrival to Chiquimula, Guatemala, on October 22, 2018. - US President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO ESTRADA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO ESTRADA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 34 of 83: Photo by MARIA DE LA LUZ ASCENCIO/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock (9940748b) Honduran migrants light candles in the town of Huixtla in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, 22 October 2018. More than 7,000 people are part of the caravan of Central American migrants that is heading towards the United States, according to an estimate offered today by the United Nations. More than 7,000 people traveling in migrant caravan, according to UN statistics, Huixtla, Mexico - 22 Oct 2018
Slide 35 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, call their relatives on their arrival to Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by Johan ORDONEZ / AFP)        (Photo credit should read JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 36 of 83: A Guatemalan woman shows her identification as the Guatemalan soldiers deployed  check the identification of public transport users in Chiquimula, Guatemala, as they wait for Honduran migrants taking part in a new caravan heading to the US, on October 22, 2018. - US President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO ESTRADA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO ESTRADA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 37 of 83: Red Cross members help Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, near Huehuetan, on their way from Tapachula to Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by Johan ORDONEZ / AFP)        (Photo credit should read JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 38 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to de US, cross the Suchiate River, natural border between Guatemala and Mexico, in makeshift rafts, in Ciudad Tecun Uman, Guatemala, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO SIERRA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO SIERRA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 39 of 83: Aerial view of Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, in Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on October 22, 2018. - Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, rest alongside the route, in Metapa, Chiapas state, Mexico on October 22, 2018. (Photo by PEDRO PARDO / AFP)        (Photo credit should read PEDRO PARDO/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 40 of 83: Aerial view of Honduran migrants onboard a truck as they take part in a caravan heading to the US, in the outskirts of Tapachula, on their way to Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by PEDRO PARDO / AFP)        (Photo credit should read PEDRO PARDO/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 41 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, wait to cross the border from Ciudad Tecun Uman in Guatemala, to Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by ORLANDO SIERRA / AFP)        (Photo credit should read ORLANDO SIERRA/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 42 of 83: Honduran migrants onboard a truck take part in a caravan heading to the US, in the outskirts of Tapachula, on their way to Huixtla, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military. (Photo by Johan ORDONEZ / AFP)        (Photo credit should read JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 43 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the US, aboard a truck in Metapa on their way to Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military.
Slide 44 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, walk in Metapa on their way to Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military.
Slide 45 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, rest next to tents at the International Mesoamerican Fair
Slide 46 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, arrive in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, in a makeshift raft, after crossing the Suchiate river, natural border between Guatemala and Mexico on October 22, 2018. - President Donald Trump on Monday called the migrant caravan heading toward the US-Mexico border a national emergency, saying he has alerted the US border patrol and military.
Slide 47 of 83: Honduran migrants hoping to reach the U.S. sleep in the southern Mexico city of Tapachula, Monday, Oct. 22, 2018, in a public plaza featuring a statue of Mexican national hero Miguel Hidalgo, a priest who launched Mexico
Slide 48 of 83: Osman and Jela, a married couple from Honduras, embrace as a caravan of thousands of migrants from Central America rest while en route to the United States, in Tapachula, Mexico October 21, 2018.
Slide 49 of 83: A Honduran migrant heading in a caravan to de US, waits to cross the border from Ciudad Tecun Uman, Guatemala, to Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, on October 21, 2018. - Around 3,000 people were marching in the caravan on the Mexican side, according to an estimate from a federal police commander, but about a thousand migrants, including women and children, were still stranded on the border bridge hoping to enter Mexico legally via Guatemala.
Slide 50 of 83: Central American migrants walking to the U.S. start their day departing Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, Sunday, Oct. 21, 2018. Despite Mexican efforts to stop them at the border, about 5,000 Central American migrants resumed their advance toward the U.S. border early Sunday in southern Mexico. Their numbers swelled overnight and at first light they set out walking toward the Mexican town of Tapachula.
Slide 51 of 83: Aerial view of Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 21, 2018. - Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said. (Photo by PEDRO PARDO / AFP)        (Photo credit should read PEDRO PARDO/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 52 of 83: A dog eats next to a Honduran migrant taking part in a caravan heading to the US, as he rests in Metapa, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 21, 2018. - Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said. (Photo by Pedro Pardo / AFP)        (Photo credit should read PEDRO PARDO/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 53 of 83: Mexican Federal Police officers are deployed on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico, as a caravan of Honduran migrants heading to the United States takes place, on October 21, 2018. - Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said. (Photo by Johan ORDONEZ / AFP)        (Photo credit should read JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP/Getty Images)
Slide 54 of 83: Central American migrants making their way to the U.S. in a large caravan fill the truck of a driver who offered them the free ride, as they arrive to Tapachula, Mexico, Sunday, Oct. 21, 2018. Despite Mexican efforts to stop them at the Guatemala-Mexico border, about 5,000 Central American migrants resumed their advance toward the U.S. border Sunday in southern Mexico. (AP Photo/Moises Castillo)
Slide 55 of 83: A Mexican police helicopter flies over a caravan of Central American migrants walking to the U.S., after the group departed Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, Sunday, Oct. 21, 2018. Despite Mexican efforts to stop them at the border, about 5,000 Central American migrants resumed their advance toward the U.S. border early Sunday in southern Mexico. (AP Photo/Moises Castillo)
Slide 56 of 83: A Honduran migrant holds US and Honduran flags as he takes part in a caravan heading to the U.S. on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on Oct. 21, 2018. Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said.
Slide 57 of 83: A Honduran migrant extends his hand to a fellow man from a truck as they take part in a caravan heading to the U.S., on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on Oct. 21, 2018. Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said.
Slide 58 of 83: A Honduran migrant boy carries a bag as he takes part in a caravan heading to the U.S. on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on Oct. 21, 2018. Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said.
Slide 59 of 83: A Honduran migrant hangs from the back of a truck as he takes part in a caravan heading to the U.S., on the road linking Ciudad Hidalgo and Tapachula, Chiapas state, Mexico on Oct. 21, 2018. Thousands of Honduran migrants resumed their march toward the United States on Sunday from the southern Mexican city of Ciudad Hidalgo, AFP journalists at the scene said.
Slide 60 of 83: Immigrants cross the Mexico-Guatemala border in rafts on Oct. 20, 2018 in Ciudad Tecun Uman, Mexico. The caravan of thousands of Central Americans, mostly from Honduras, hopes to eventually reach the United States. U.S. President Donald Trump has threatened and Central American countries with consequences if the caravan isn
Slide 61 of 83: An immigrant jumps off a bridge to enter Mexico from the border with Guatemala as part of the immigrant caravan on Oct. 20, 2018 in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico. The caravan of thousands of Central Americans, mostly from Honduras, hopes to eventually reach the United States. U.S. President Donald Trump has threatened to cancel the recent trade deal with Mexico and withhold aid to Central American countries if the caravan isn
Slide 62 of 83: A Honduran migrant, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S., looks on through the gate on the bridge that connects Mexico and Guatemala in Tecun Uman, Guatemala on Oct. 20, 2018.
Slide 63 of 83: Members of the migrant caravan are rafted over the Suchiate River which forms the Guatemala-Mexico border on Oct. 20, 2018 in Ciudad Tecun Uman, Guatemala. The caravan of thousands of immigrants, were stopped them from crossing into Mexico as a large group the previous day. They began their trek, many bringing children, a week before in San Pedro Sula Honduras, with plans to eventually reach the United States.
Slide 64 of 83: Honduran migrants taking part in a caravan heading to the U.S., rest in Ciudad Tecun Uman, Guatemala, on Oct. 20, 2018. Mexican authorities on Saturday allowed dozens of women and children from the Honduran migrant caravan to pass into its territory, the country
Slide 65 of 83: Photo by NOE PEREZ/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock (9939232e) Honduran President Juan Orlando Hernandez (L) and his Guatemalan Counterpart Jimmy Morales (R) speak during a press conference after their meeting of almost three hours in Guatemala City, Guatemala, 20 October 2018. The leaders lamented the
Slide 66 of 83: Honduran migrants children, Ian Enamorado, 9, Josen Enamorado, 6 and Jasabel Quintanilla, 3, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S.,  wait with their parents to apply for asylum in Mexico at a checkpoint in Tecun Uman, Guatemala, October 20, 2018. REUTERS/Ueslei Marcelino
Slide 67 of 83: A Honduras migrant is comforted by a Mexican paramedic after her mother fainted while crossing the border between Guatemala and Mexico, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, Saturday, Oct. 20, 2018. Mexican officials are refusing to yield to demands from the caravan of Central American migrants that they be allowed to enter the country en masse but announced they would hand out numbers to those waiting to cross and allow them to enter in small groups. (AP Photo/Oliver de Ros)
Slide 68 of 83: Mexican navy personnel hand out food to Central American migrants stuck in no man
Slide 69 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, and residents, use a makeshift raft to cross the Suchiate River, natural border between Guatemala and Mexico, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 20, 2018. - Thousands of migrants who forced their way through Guatemala
Slide 70 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, help a man holding a child get down to the Suchiate River from the Guatemala-Mexico international border bridge, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 20, 2018. - Thousands of migrants who forced their way through Guatemala
Slide 71 of 83: Central American migrants, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S., cross the Suchiate River to avoid the border checkpoint in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, October 20, 2018. REUTERS/Edgard Garrido
Slide 72 of 83: Honduran migrants heading in a caravan to the US, spend the night at a temporary shelter in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 19, 2018. - The caravan of mainly Honduran migrants, whose journey has triggered escalating anti-immigrant rhetoric from US President Donald Trump, surged through a series of police lines and barricades up to the final fence on Mexico
Slide 73 of 83: A young Honduran migrant wearing an american flag t-shirt, taking part in a caravan heading to the US, takes a rest as they arrive at the border crossing point with Mexico, in Ciudad Tecun Uman, Guatemala, on October 19, 2018. - Honduran migrants who have made their way through Central America were gathering at Guatemala
Slide 74 of 83: Honduran former deputy Bartolo Fuentes, who was deported from Guatemala for taking part in a massive migrant caravan heading to the US, which he allegedly helped to organize, speaks during a demonstration in front of the US embassy in Tegucigalpa, in support of those compatriot migrants on October 19, 2018. - Thousands of migrants forced their way through Guatemala
Slide 75 of 83: Aerial view of a Honduran migrant caravan heading to the US, on the Guatemala-Mexico international bridge in Ciudad Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, on October 19, 2018. - Honduran migrants who have made their way through Central America were gathering at Guatemala
Slide 76 of 83: Migrants tired of waiting to cross into Mexico, jumped from a border bridge into the Suchiate River, in Tecun Uman, Guatemala, Friday, Oct. 19, 2018. Some of the migrants traveling in a mass caravan towards the U.S.-Mexico border organized a rope brigade to ford its muddy waters.
Slide 77 of 83: A Honduran migrant, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S., is seen after crossing the Suchiate river with the help of fellow migrants to avoid the border checkpoint in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico, October 19, 2018.
Slide 78 of 83: Honduran migrants, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S., cover their faces after crossing into Mexico, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico October 19, 2018.
Slide 79 of 83: Migrants bound for the U.S.-Mexico border wait on a bridge that stretches over the Suchiate River, connecting Guatemala and Mexico, in Tecun Uman, Guatemala, Friday, Oct. 19, 2018.  The gated entry into Mexico via the bridge has been closed.  The U.S. president has made it clear to Mexico that he is monitoring its response. On Thursday he threatened to close the U.S. border if Mexico didn
Slide 80 of 83: A Honduran migrant, part of a caravan trying to reach the U.S., protects her child after fellow migrants stormed a border checkpoint, in Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico October 19, 2018.
Slide 81 of 83: Thousands of Honduran migrants rush across the border towards Mexico, in Tecun Uman, Guatemala, Friday, Oct. 19, 2018.
Slide 82 of 83:洪都拉斯移民于2018年10月17日在危地马拉的Chiquimula参加了一辆前往美国的大篷车。
Slide 83 of 83:洪都拉斯移民前往美国,于2018年10月16日在危地马拉Chiquimula的一个天主教堂的体育馆休息。
Slide 83 of 83:2018年10月25日星期四,带着大篷车前往美国的中美洲移民前往墨西哥的Pijijiapan。希望前往美国的庞大移民大篷车再次出发,形成一个超过一英里长的柱子,这群人在黎明前从墨西哥南部的Mapastepec镇出发。

 

  下一张幻灯片全屏

  1/83幻灯片 ©Rodrigo Abd / AP Photo

  数千名中美洲移民的大篷车正驶往美国边境。

  10月25日,携带大篷车前往美国的中美洲移民前往墨西哥的Pijijiapan。

  幻灯片通过照片服务

  Graphika分析还显示,许多账户正在传播有关大篷车和未遂炸弹攻击的误导信息,通常使用特朗普总统在过去一周内普及的“工作not”这样的流行标签。

  该公司周三称,由于协调努力传播它,Twitter暂停了一些关于血腥警察形象的账户,并且Facebook在事实检查网站Snopes将其标记为误导之后不太可能在平台上传播。托马斯没有回应评论请求的帐户仍然活跃,但该帖子已删除。

  哥伦比亚大学Tow数字新闻中心的研究主任奥尔布赖特在3月和4月初的一些推文中追溯了索罗斯为大篷车提供资金的虚假指控的起源。但就在过去的几天里,多个帖子都使用了相同的语言 - “嗯,现在我们知道谁在为大篷车提供资金” - 推销索罗斯的说法。

  奥尔布赖特表示,与俄罗斯特工和其他人在2016年传播的虚假信息相比,有关大篷车的误导信息更有可能在有影响力的社交媒体账户的封闭网络中传播。通常,他们使用相同的单词和图像反复复制,而不是像俄罗斯人那样按人口统计特征针对整个人群。

  “这里的方法更具颠覆性,”奥尔布赖特说。“要精确定位并取下来就更难了。”

  drew.harwell@washpost.com

  tony.romm@washpost.com

  craig.timberg@washpost.com

  Andrew Ba Tran为本报告做出了贡献。

责任编辑:admin
相关新闻


地址:北京市朝阳区北三环东路静安东街8号楼 | 办公室:8610-8456122 | 编辑部:8610-8456122

京icp备10210212号 中国产业新闻网 © 版权所有2006-2019